Discover what black box models are, their applications in finance and investing, and examples of how they drive decision-making without revealing internal processes.

Caption Example of an interval cancer retrospectively detected by the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm. A 48-year-old woman presented for a screening digital breast tomosynthesis examination ...

Despite the strict black box conditions, the researchers successfully tricked Google’s algorithm. For example, they fooled it into believing a photo of a row of machine guns was instead a ...